Boiler construction.



BEST AVAILABZE COPY 'PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906.

J. M. MOGLBLLON. BOILER CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 7, 1905.

HTS-SHEET l.

4 SHE PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906.

.- MoOLELL'ON.

No. 813,986. J. M BOILER CONSTRUCTION. APZLIOATION FILED APR. 7.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906.

J. M. MoGLELLON. BOILER CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 7, 1905.

4 SHEBTS-SHBET 3.

PATENTEDiPEB. '27, 190's.

v Nd. 818,986.

1 J. M. MOOLELLON'. BOILER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 7, 1905.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEIKT 4.-

Illli like parts.

JAMES M. MGCLELLON, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS.

BOILER cowsrnuorlou.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JAMES M. MoCLELLoN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at,

Everett, in the county of Middlesexand State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Boiler Construction, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification,

like numerals. on the drawings representing This invention relates to a novel wa of Y making and staying'plates or sheets-w 'ch form between them a chamber or chambers to receive liquid or fluid under ressure.

vmake one or both of the i and the sectional surface is preferably made The construction herein il ustrated has been especially designed with reference to its use in boiler construction, especially around the fire-box of locomotive-boilcns';-, but the principle on which the construction is based may be embodied in a great variety of structures, such as tanks or receptacles of any kind which are subjected. to internal pressure.

A locomotive-boiler furnishes one familiar illustration of two sheets, plates, or surfaces which are subjected to pressure and which have to be stayed to withstand this pressure. As is well known, the staying of these sheets or lates is commonly done by means of staybo ts. According to my present invention I surfaces in section,

up of sections having a channel-iron shape, the flanges of adjacent sections being secured together by rivets or their equivalent. The two surfaces are stayed by extending from one surface stay members which lie between the flanges of adjacent channel-iron sections of the other member and are riveted or otherwise secured to such flanges. In one form of my invention one of the surfaces is in the form .of a sheet having ribs projecting therefrom and the other surface is in the form of channel-iron sections placed between the ribs. In another form of my invention both of the surfaces to be stayed are sectional surfaces, each being made of channel-iron sections, and the sections constituting one surface are arranged to be placed between the flanges of the channel-iron sections constituting the other surface. Where my invention is embodied in a fire-box of a locomotive, the channel-iron sections are extended transversely of the fireboig. The advanta 'Tof this construction in "a locomotive-boiler is that comparatively lit- Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed April], 1905. Serial No. 254,396.

and 3 are similan sections surfaces of different shapes embodying my Patented Feb. 27, 1906.

tle damage is done if any one'section should give way, and in case this happens the repair of the boiler is a small matter involving nothing more than the removal of the damaged channel-iron section and the replacing of it by a new section.

In the drawings I have shown various ways in which my invention may be embodied.

. Figure 1 is a section throughtwo stayed surfaces embodying my invention.

showlng sectional invention Fig. 4 shows two stayed surfaces embodying my invention, one of which is sectional and the other of which is a one-piece surface. Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of my invention.

line 0 c, Fig. 9. Fig. 7 is a section on the line b b, Fig: 8. Fig. 8" is a transverse vertical section through the fire-box of a locomotiveboiler embodying my invention. Fig. 9 is a similar section through a fire-box of a locomotive-boiler which embodies another form of my invention. Fig. 10 is a similar section through a fire-box of a locomotive which embodies the form of the invention shown in either Figs. 2 or 3. Fig. 11 is a section on the line a a, Fig. 10; and Figs. 12, 13, and 14 show still other embodiments of the invention.

Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show different ways in which each of thetwo surfaces to he stayed may. be made in sections.

In Fig. 1 one of the surfaces is formed by the sections and the other surface formed by the sections 21. Each section 20 is channel-iron in shape and has the flanges 22, which constitute themeans for staying the two surfaces. The sections 21 are also channeliron in shape and are provided with the flanges,23, by means of which the adjacent sections are secured together. The channeliron sections 21 are of a size to tight-1y fit between the flanges 2 of the channel-iron sections 20, and when the parts are assembled as shown in Fig. 1 and the flanges 23.1iwtod or bolted together and also bolted to the Figs. 2 I

Fig. 6 is a section on the flanges 22, as at 24, a'rigid structure is formed which is admirably adapted for use in the fire-box of a locomotive. If the spaces between the sections 20 and 21 are subjected to internal pressure, the ribs 22 will act as a means to stay the surfaces comprising the sections 20 and 21, and thus take the place of stay-bolts. Both the channel-iron sections ment of my invention, wherein one" surface to be stayed is made up of the sections 25, having the long side flanges 27 alternating with other sections '26, having short side flanges 28, and the other surface to be stayed is made up of channel-iron 29, having short flanges similarto the 23. This structure is put together by riveting or otherwise securing the short flanges of the sections 26 to the longer flanges 27, as shown at 30, and inserting the sections 29 between the flanges 27 and riveting them thereto, as at 31. The flanges 27 constitute the staying member which stay the two surfaces. In this form of the invention the construction is entirely made up of sections of channel-iron shape, and as these channeliron sections can be rolled, bent, or pressed to any desired shape a boiler or other structure having stayed surfaces of any suitable construction can be made.

In Fig. 3 I have shown still another embodiment of my invention, in which the two surfaces tc be stayed are made up of similar sections 32 of channeldron shape, and these two sections are stayed by means of ribs or strips 33, which are inserted between adjacent sections 32 and secured thereto, as at 34.

I In Fig. 4 I have shown an embodiment of the invention in which one of the surfaces to be stayed is a one-piece surface and the other a sectional surface. 35' designates the onepiece sheet or surface, it havingintegral therewith a plurality of ribs 36, and the other surface to be stayed is made up of a plurality of sections 37 of channel-iron shape which set between the ribs 36 and are riveted or secured thereto, as at 38. The sheet 35 can be rolled with the ribs 36 thereon, and as the channel-iron sections 37 are of commercial shape this structure is comparatively easy to manufacture.

In Fig. 5 one of the sheets or plates to be stayed is a one-piece sheet or plate40 and the other is made up of channel-iron sections 41. The one piece 40 is provided with pairs of flanges 42, each pair forming between them a groove 43, in which one end of the s aying member 44 is riveted, as at 45. The other edge of said staying member is riveted between the flanges 46 of thechannel-iron se tions 41. v

n Figs. 8, 9, and 10 I haveshown how my invention may be embodied in a fire-b0); of a locomo ive-boiler. These figures show {)ransverse vert cal sections through the fire- Fig. 8 shows afire-box embodying the form of my invention shown in Fig. 1. The chanc-hannel-iron sections elapse nel-iron sections 20, as shown in Fig. 1, are bent to form the sides 50 and the top 51 of the fire-box, the portions of the channel-iron sections 20 at the top 51 of the firebox corresponding to the usual crown-sheet of a locomotive-boiler. The channel-iron sections 20 are arranged so that their flat surfaces come on the inside of the fire-box, the flanges 22 extending outwardly from the fire-box. The top of the fire-box is shown as flat and the portion of the outer side above the crownsheet is rounded; therefore the staying members have to be made very much wider directly over the top of the fire-box than at the sides thereof. Where these staying members have to span so great a distance, I prefer to make each in two parts, as seen in Fig. 7, in order to facilitate construction. As shown in said figure, the portions of the channel-iron sections 20- over the top of the firebox have their flanges 22 of different widths, and stayin -plates 66 are secured to wider flanges and are also riveted between the channel -iron sections 21. With this construction the sides of the fire-box are made in separate com artments, each compartment being formed y one of the channeliron sections 20. In order to permit the steam which is generated in these various compartments to pass to the steam-dome, I will preferably perforate the staying members 66, as at 52,-- so that the various compartments commune cate with each other.

In Fig. 9 a locomotive fire-box is shown in which the portions 54 of the channel-iron sections constituting the crown-sheet are curved instead of flat. In this form of the invention, which is similar to that shown in Fig. 3, the inner walls 55 and top 54 of the fire-box are formed by channel-iron sections similar to 32, Fig. 3, which are bent to the proper shape, and the outer portion 56 of the fire-box is formed by similar channel-iron sections similarly bent to the proper shape. The sections forming the inner Wall 55 and the outer wall 56 are connected by staying-plates 33, such as shown in Fig. 3, said plates bein interposed between the flanges of the c anneliron sections and riveted or otherwise secured thereto. This construction is clearly shown in Fig. 6, which is a section on the line 0 c, Fig. 9. Each plate 33 varies in width I throughout its length and is provided with one or more perforations 52, by meansof which the various compartments have communication with each other. Fig. 9 would also represent a fire-box embodying the form of the invention shown in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 10 the inner wall of the fire-box is made by channel-iron sections 20, similarto those shown in Fig. -1, and the outer wall by channel-iron sections 21, which are riveted between the flanges 22 of the sections 21, all as shown in said Fig. 1. Both the sections 20 and 21 are bent to form the sides and fiat top of the fire-box. Situated above the firebox and extending longitudinally thereof are one or more drums 60, which are connected at one end to the shell 61 of the boiler and which are nippled to the various channeliron sections 21, as best seen in Fig. 11. In this form of the boiler the water-level would be sufliciently high so that the water would bepartially contained in the drum 60 and would fill the chambers or compartments formed by the channel-iron sections 20.

Another style of staying the channel-iron sections is shown in Fig. 13, wherein the staying-pieces 67 are interposed between adjacent flanges 68 of thechannel-iron sections on the inside of the fire-box and are secured to the flanges of the channel-iron sections on the outside of the fire-box.

In Fig. 12 I have shown a construction similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that the channel-iron sections 21 are wide enough so that when inserted between the flanges 22 they spread said flanges slightly, and thus cause a slight separation of the sections on spaces between their inner faces, thereby permitting them to expand as they become heated.

In Fig. 14 I have illustrated still another embodiment of my invention. The two surfaces to be stayed are designated and 91. Each surface has integral therewith pairs of parallel flanges 92, a pair of flanges on one surface being in alinement with a corresponding pair on the other surface. are stayed by stayingmembers 93, which are secured to the allied flanges in any suitable way, as by bolts or rivets. In Fig. 14 this construction is shown as it would be e1n bodied in a water-tube boiler, and the watertubesare indicated by 94 and are expanded into the shell or surface 91 and'open into the For convenience of construction and repair I preferably insert a removable plug 95 in the shell 90 opposite each water-tube 94.

It will be noted that in the fire-box embodying the form of my invention in which the channel-iron sections are used none of the rivets or other securing means are in a surface which has direct contact with the fire, and therefore there is no liability of these rivets becoming burned off. Another advantageof a lire-box made in this way is that if any one section becomes ruptured it can easily and readily be repaired without taking the boiler to pieces. Furthermore, since the fire-box is thus made in sections the breaking or rupturing of any single section will'not injure the other sections or cause explosion. The construction is also such that all joints may be easily ealked after being riveted. These channel-iron sections may be easily rolled or pressed by means of dies into any desired shape, and hence my invention may be embodied in almost any style of boiler. Some styles of boilers comprise an outer and The surfaces the staying members 93.

-chamber, the inner shell inclosing the fire-- box and combustion-chamber and having within it water-tubes which are expanded into the outer shell. embodied in this tye of boiler by merely bending the channef shape of the inner shell and placing between their flanges other channel-iron sections to form the outer shell. In this case the central portion of the first-mentioned claanneliron sections constitute the surface into which the water-tubes are expanded. In constructing a boiler embed ing m r invention I would preferably s rape all the various parts-that is, the channel-ironsections and sta ingmembersb means of rolls or presses an then assemble tiem.

My invention may be applied to a great many other structures than locomotive-boilersin fact, any structure which comprises two walls inclosing a fluid under pressure must be stayed.

While I have herein shown-a few ways in which my invention may be embodied, I do not .wish to be limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and therefore it will be understood that various changes in the construction and arrangement of the two surfaces-to be stayed may be made without departing from the invention.

Having described claim as new, and Patent, is

. 1. Two surfaces to be stayed, one of which is sectional and made up of channel-iron sections, and staying members rigid with the other surface, said staying members lying between and being secured to the flanges of the channel-iron sections.

2. Two surfaces to be stayed, both of which are sectional, and made up of channel-iron sections, the, side flanges of some ofthe channcl-iron sections extending between the two surfaces and constituting the staying members.

3. A fire-box comprising an inner shell inclosing the combustion-chamber and an outer shell, each formed of channel-iron sections secured together.

4;. A fire-box comprising inner and outer and which, therefore,

my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters outwardly-extending flanges and the outer shell being composed of channel-iron sections interposed between said flanges.

5. A fire-box com rising inner and outer shells, the inner shell having rigid therewith outwardly-directed flanges extending transverselyof the firebox, and the outer shell being composed of channel-iron sections interposed between said flanges.

6. A fire-box comprising inner and outer shells, the inner shell having rigid therewith cutwardly-directed flanges extending transv My invention may be iron sections into the shells, the inner shell having rigid therewith an inner shell forming between them a waterspace which contains versely of the fire-box, and the outer shell being composed of channel-iron sections interposed between said flanges, the portion of the flanges over the fire-box being perforated.

7. A fire-box comprising inner and outer shells, the inner shell having rigid therewith outw al'dly-directed flanges and the outer shell being composed of channel-iron sections interposed between said flanges, the compartments formed by the flanges having communication with each other.

8. A fire-box comprising inner and outer shells, and parallel staying-ribs extending frog: one shell to the other and secured to eac 9. A fire-box comprising innez and outer shells and parallel staying-ribs extending from one shell to the other and secured to each, said ribs dividing the space between the shells into separate compartments.

10. A fire-box comprising inner and outer shells, each formed of channel-iron sections and staying members forming part of or rigidly secured'to the sections of the inner shell,

both she said staying members also being secured to the sections of the outer shell. i

1 1 A fire-box for a locomotive-boiler comprising inner and outer shells, the inner shell having outwardly-directed flanges and the outer'shell comprising channel-iron sections interposed between said flanges, and said channel-ironsections having their flanges also directed outwardly.

12. In boiler construction, two shells or surfaces to be stayed, each of which has integral therewith flanges or ribs extending at right angles therefgoni, the flanges or ribs of ls extending in the same direction, and means to secure each flange of one shell to a flange of the other shell.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES M. hICOLELLON,

Witnesses:

LoUls 0. SMITH, MARGARET A. DUNN. 

